Wall Street is weakening Wednesday on worries about corporate profits following a mixed set of earnings reports and forecasts from Microsoft and others.

The S&P 500 was 0.3% lower in afternoon trading after falling as much as 1.7% in the morning. It's on pace for a second step down after reaching its highest level in seven weeks on Monday. The Dow Jones Industrial Average was down 56 points, or 0.2%, at 33,677, as of 2:43 p.m. Eastern time, and the Nasdaq composite was 0.4% lower.

Microsoft is one of Wall Street’s dominant stocks

Microsoft fell 0.3% after giving a forecast for upcoming results that fell short of some analysts’ expectations. They pointed in particular to expectations for slowing growth in its Azure cloud business.

Microsoft is one of Wall Street’s dominant stocks because it’s one of the largest, which gives its stock movements more sway over the S&P 500 than others. Not only that, analysts say Microsoft offers one of the best windows into the strength of corporate spending because of how many businesses use its software and services.

Other stocks in the cloud-computing industry also fell following Microsoft's forecast. Snowflake lost 1.4%.

Worries are rising that corporate profits are set to shrink broadly because of an economy bending under the weight of hikes to interest rates and still-high inflation. Analysts are forecasting S&P 500 companies over the next couple weeks will report their first drop in quarterly earnings per share since 2020, when the pandemic was crushing the economy.

Intuitive Surgical fell 5.8%, and Nasdaq Inc., the company behind the Nasdaq Stock Market, fell 6.8% after both reported weaker results than analysts expected.

Texas Instruments fell 1.5% despite reporting stronger profit and revenue than expected. Markets were more interested in the company's forecast for the first three months of 2023. Company officials said they're expecting continued weakening in demand across all its markets outside of automotive.

On the winning side was AT&T, which rose 5.6% after reporting stronger profit than forecast.

Other big tech-oriented companies are scheduled to report their results after trading closes for the day, including Tesla and IBM.

The level of cash and profit that companies produce is one of the main levers that set stock prices on Wall Street. The other big one depends largely on interest rates, and there’s still a wide disconnect between what investors and the Federal Reserve see as coming later this year.

Nearly everyone is expecting the Fed to raise its key overnight interest rate by 0.25 percentage points on Feb. 1. That would be another downshift in the size of the Fed’s rate hikes, down from 0.50 points last month and four straight increases of 0.75 points earlier. A slowdown in inflation since a summertime peak is raising hopes for the Fed to apply less additional pressure on the economy.

Higher rates hurt the economy

Many investors expect inflation to keep cooling, and they’re betting on the Fed to actually begin cutting interest rates toward the end of this year. The Federal Reserve, meanwhile, says it wants to keep rates high at least through the end of the year to ensure high inflation is truly stamped out.

Higher rates hurt the economy by making it more expensive for businesses and households to borrow. They also hurt prices for stocks and other investments.

The yield on the 10-year Treasury, which helps set rates for mortgages and other economy-dictating loans, rose to 3.47% from 3.46% late Tuesday. The two-year yield, which moves more on expectations for the Fed, fell to 4.14% from 4.21%.

European stocks closed modestly lower. Japanese and South Korean stocks rose, while Chinese markets remained closed in observance of holidays.